Diazepam is a benzodiazepine medication used to relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, and seizures, and to provide sedation before medical procedures. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that helps calm abnormal brain activity, producing a relaxing and tranquilizing effect.
Diazepam is commonly prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), muscle tension, acute alcohol withdrawal, and as an adjunct therapy for epilepsy. It has a relatively long duration of action compared to other benzodiazepines.
Common brand names: Valium®, Stesolid®, Diapam®
Typical dosage forms: 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg tablets; oral solution; injectable ampoules; rectal gel.
Common side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, muscle weakness, and impaired coordination.
